Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a chronic gastrointestinal condition characterised by the repeated backward flow of stomach acid and other gastric contents into the oesophagus, resulting in irritation and inflammation of the oesophageal lining. It commonly occurs when the lower oesophageal sphincter (LES), a muscular valve between the stomach and oesophagus, weakens or relaxes inappropriately. Common symptoms include heartburn, acid regurgitation, sour taste in the mouth, chest discomfort, frequent burping, nausea, persistent cough, throat irritation, and difficulty swallowing. Symptoms may worsen after heavy meals, while lying down, or during sleep. Contributing factors include obesity, dietary habits, smoking, certain medications, pregnancy, and hiatal hernia. If left untreated, persistent reflux may lead to complications such as oesophagitis, oesophageal strictures, and Barrett’s oesophagus, making appropriate diagnosis and management important.

GERD management focuses on controlling acid reflux, relieving symptoms, protecting the oesophageal lining, and preventing recurrence or complications. Conventional treatment may include acid-suppressing medications, dietary adjustments, weight management, and lifestyle modifications, with further medical intervention considered when necessary. In Ayurveda, reflux-related symptoms may be assessed in relation to Amlapitta, a traditional condition associated with disturbances in digestive function and Pitta balance, although the two conditions are not medically identical. An individualised Ayurvedic approach may incorporate digestive health assessment, suitable dietary practices, regulated meal timings, stress management, and supportive lifestyle recommendations alongside appropriate medical care. Avoiding personal trigger foods, limiting late-night meals, eating smaller portions, and maintaining a healthy body weight can help reduce reflux episodes. The overall objective is to improve digestive comfort, minimise recurring symptoms, support oesophageal health, and enhance long-term gastrointestinal wellbeing.